How to Install a Water Hammer Arrestor

Water hammer, characterized by loud banging or hammering noises in your plumbing system, occurs when water flow is suddenly halted or redirected, causing pressure surges. Installing water hammer arrestors can effectively mitigate these pressure fluctuations, protecting your plumbing fixtures and extending their lifespan. This comprehensive guide provides step-by-step instructions on how to install water hammer arrestors in your home plumbing system.

Understanding Water Hammer

Water hammer is caused by the abrupt cessation of water flow in pipes, resulting in shock waves that reverberate through the plumbing system. Common triggers include:

• Closing Faucets or Valves: Rapidly shutting off water flow.
• Appliance Operation: Such as dishwashers or washing machines.
• Toilet Flushes: Quick operation of toilet valves.

These actions create pressure spikes that can lead to noisy pipes, increased wear on plumbing components, and even pipe damage over time.

Benefits of Water Hammer Arrestors

Water hammer arrestors, also known as shock absorbers, are designed to absorb the shock waves generated by sudden changes in water flow, thereby reducing noise and protecting your plumbing system. Here are the key benefits:

• Noise Reduction: Eliminates or minimizes banging or hammering sounds in pipes.
• Prevents Damage: Protects pipes, valves, and appliances from wear and potential failure caused by pressure surges.
• Extended Lifespan: Helps maintain the integrity of your plumbing system over time.

Types of Water Hammer Arrestors

There are two main types of water hammer arrestors commonly used:

1. Air Chamber Arrestors: Simple devices consisting of vertical pipes installed near fixtures or appliances. They rely on compressed air to absorb pressure spikes.
2. Mechanical Arrestors: Incorporate a piston or diaphragm mechanism that separates air and water, providing a more reliable solution for larger pressure fluctuations.

The installation process for both types is generally similar, with slight variations in plumbing configuration and installation method.

Tools and Materials You’ll Need

Before you begin, gather the necessary tools and materials:

• Water hammer arrestor (appropriate type and size for your plumbing system)
• Adjustable wrench or pipe wrench
• Screwdrivers (flathead and Phillips)
• Pipe cutter or hacksaw
• Emery cloth or sandpaper
• Teflon tape (plumber’s tape)
• Safety glasses and gloves
• Bucket or container (for catching water)

Step-by-Step Guide to Install a Water Hammer Arrestor

Follow these detailed steps to install a water hammer arrestor effectively:

Step 1: Identify Problem Areas

1. Locate Noisy Pipes: Identify areas in your plumbing system where water hammer occurs most frequently. This could be near washing machines, dishwashers, or toilets.
2. Shut Off Water Supply: Turn off the main water supply to your home. Open faucets to drain any remaining water from the pipes and relieve pressure.

Step 2: Determine Installation Location

1. Select Installation Point: Choose a suitable location to install the water hammer arrestor near the problem area. Ideal locations include near appliances or fixtures that frequently cause water hammer.
2. Measure and Mark: Measure the length of pipe needed to install the arrestor. Mark the pipe where you will make the cuts for installation.

Step 3: Prepare Pipes for Installation

1. Cut Pipe: Use a pipe cutter or hacksaw to cut the pipe where you marked it. Ensure the cuts are clean and straight to facilitate a secure fit.
2. Debur and Clean: Use emery cloth or sandpaper to remove any burrs or rough edges from the cut pipe ends. Clean the pipe surfaces to ensure a smooth connection.

Step 4: Install the Water Hammer Arrestor

1. Apply Teflon Tape: Wrap plumber’s Teflon tape around the threaded ends of the water hammer arrestor. This helps create a tight seal and prevents leaks.
2. Connect Arrestor: Screw the arrestor onto the pipe fittings, ensuring it is securely attached. Use an adjustable wrench to tighten the connections, but avoid over-tightening.
3. Securely Position: Position the water hammer arrestor vertically or as recommended by the manufacturer for optimal performance.

Step 5: Test the Installation

1. Turn On Water Supply: Gradually turn on the main water supply to your home. Check for leaks around the installed water hammer arrestor and fittings.
2. Operate Fixtures: Test faucets, toilets, and appliances connected to the problem area to ensure water flow is smooth and quiet.

Step 6: Monitor and Adjust

1. Adjust as Needed: If water hammer persists or noise continues, you may need to adjust the pressure setting on the arrestor or consider installing additional units in other problem areas.
2. Regular Maintenance: Periodically check the water hammer arrestor for leaks or signs of wear. Replace if necessary to maintain effective operation.

Safety Precautions

• Turn Off Water: Always shut off the main water supply before starting any plumbing work to prevent accidents and water damage.
• Protective Gear: Wear safety glasses and gloves to protect against sharp edges and debris during installation.
• Follow Manufacturer Instructions: Adhere to the specific installation instructions provided by the water hammer arrestor manufacturer for best results.

Conclusion

Installing a water hammer arrestor is an effective solution to eliminate noisy pipes and protect your plumbing system from pressure surges. By following the steps outlined in this guide and selecting the appropriate type of arrestor for your needs, you can ensure a quieter and more reliable plumbing system. If you encounter any difficulties or have specific questions, consult with a licensed plumber for expert advice and assistance. Enjoy the benefits of reduced noise and extended plumbing system longevity with a properly installed water hammer arrestor in your home.